Reading and Use of English
Part 1 Use of English
For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Raising Awareness
In cities around the world, a wide (0)_____ of schemes is being instigated to promote environmental awareness. ‘It’s just as easy to (1)_____ of litter properly as it is to drop it on the streets’, says city councillor Mike Edwards. ‘It’s a question of encouraging people to do so as a (2)_____ of course. Once the habit is ingrained, they won’t even (3)_____ they are doing it. After all, think what we’ve achieved with recycling in the home. People have become accustomed to it, so it doesn’t (4)_____ to them that they’re spending any additional time in the process. Only if they have to carry this waste for some appreciable distance to find a suitable container do they feel they are (5)_____ ‘.
A quirky, (6)_____ gimmick might be enough to change behaviour. With this in (7)_____ the city of Berlin is introducing rubbish bins that say danke, thank you and merci when someone drops an item of rubbish into them. It might just (8)_____ the trick in this city, too
(0) A band
(1) A dispose
(2) A principle
(3) A notice
(4) A concern
(5) A inconvenienced
(6) A light-hearted
(7) A context
(8) A serve
B range
B discard
B system
B remark
B occur
B sacrificed
B mundane
B thought
B do
C scale
C dump
C matter
C comprehend
C impress
C complicated
C subjective
C spirit
C make
D scope
D dispense
D duty
D appreciate
D strike
D imposed
D intense
D mind
D play
Part 2 Use of English
For questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet
Example: (0) AS
The ubiquitous shopping mall
It started, (0)_____ many modern trends have, in the United States, but it has now spread to many parts of the world. Many towns and cities no (9)_____ have a genuine centre, instead, a shopping mall somewhere on the outskirts serves some of the functions of an urban centre. Here, shops and banks are all crowded together, (10)_____ especially for those who use a car, is very convenient. After (11)_____ parked in the basement car park, people can do all their shopping inside the mall, and then load up the car and drive home. (12)_____ is no need even to go outside, so it doesn’t matter what the weather’s (13)_____ .
So why should anyone possibly object (14)_____ the growing number of shopping malls springing up in and around our cities? (15)_____ of the main reasons is that when most shops are concentrated in malls, it leaves city and town centres deserted and lifeless. Another is that malls all tend to look very similar, (16)_____ the result that many towns and cities are losing their individual characters.
Part 3 Use of English
For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).
Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet.
Example: (0) HISTORIANS
Dancing is good for you
Since the dawn of civilisation, dance has been an important part of life, and dance 0 historians struggle to identify the first evidence of dance as it has always been an intrinsic part of human 17 _______ . The earliest recorded dances, discovered in the 9,000-year-old Bhimbetka rock paintings in India, were used to tell stories and celebrate 18 _______ events, whilst also serving as a way of passing on information to future generations. But why has dance, something which can make someone look utterly 19 _______ if done wrong, always seemed to be natural to our DNA? Experts argue that its psychological and physiological benefits are the cause. 20 _______ studies have discovered that dancing is not only an 21 _______ form of non-verbal communication, but is also a mood-boosting cure that can alleviate 22 _______, improve interpersonal 23 _______ and cure illnesses. Physically, dancing makes us happy because, as with any repetitive exercise, it releases endorphins. Also it’s a socialising event, 24 _______ us to be physically close to people and more emotionally connected to them.
0 HISTORY
17 BEHAVE
18 SIGNIFY
19 RIDICULE
20 NUMBER
21 EFFECT
22 DEPRESS
23 RELATION
24 ABLE
Part 4 Use of English
For questions 25-30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word given. Here is an example (0).
0 It’s impossible that you saw John last night — he’s in the USA!
HAVE
John’s in the USA, so you can’t have seen him last night.
25 I am confident that he will be successful in his career.
CHANCES
I am confident _______________ in his career.
26 If you feel stressed, breathing slowly should calm you down.
MAKE
Breathing slowly _______________ if you feel stressed.
27 I am really bad at remembering people’s names when I meet them.
MEMORY
I _______________ people’s names when I meet them.
28 He lost his job because he was inefficient.
GROUNDS
He lost his job _______________ his inefficiency.
29 I’m sorry that I didn’t help him.
REGRET
I _______________ him.
30 I couldn’t go away for the weekend because I didn’t have enough money.
PREVENTED
I was _______________ for the weekend by lack of money.